Oleh Much. Khoiri
Mari mengunjungi Plato (427-347 SM), filosof dan matematikawan Yunani Kuno, yang pernah belajar kepada Heraclitus (540-480 SM) dan Pythagoras (570-495 SM), dan pendiri ‘Academicus’—sebuah akademi platonik di Athena. Namun, kita segera tahu Plato memiliki figur idola dan sekaligus gurunya yang sangat berpengaruh, yakni Socrates (469-399 SM).
Mengapa kita memilih Plato untuk dikunjungi? Ini tentang figur idola, yakni Socrates yang difigur-idolakan oleh Plato. Saking mengidolakan gurunya, Plato menuliskan pemikiran-pemikiran Socrates, sesuatu yang tak dilakukan sendiri oleh Socrates. Dalam tulisan-tulisannya, Plato memberikan kritik-kritiknya terhadap pemikiran gurunya dan menuangkan pemikiran sendiri. Dari tulisan-tulisan Plato para cendekiawan melakukan penelaahan dan rekonstruksi pemikiran Socrates.

Sumber gambar: Oediku.wordpress.com
Ada hubungan kontinuitas pengetahuan di sini. Andaikata Plato tidak menuliskan pemikiran-pemikiran Socrates, Socrates akan tenggelam dalam sejarah filsafat Yunani, bahkan dunia. Tanpa perantara tulisan Plato, kebijaksanaan-kebijaksanaan Socrates untuk masyarakat Athena hilang ditelan zaman. Betapa dahsyatnya kekuatan tulisan—mengabadikan pengetahuan untuk disebarkan kepada sebuah bangsa.
Sekarang, mari kita masuk ke dunia sastra. Kalau kita menelusuri sejarah sastra dunia, kita akan tahu bahwa ada penulis-penulis terdahulu yang dijadikan idola oleh para penulis sesudahnya—sebagaimana Socrates diidolakan oleh Plato, dan Plato diidolakan oleh Aristoteles (348-322 SM). Dijadikan idola berarti dijadikan panutan dan teladan dalam mengembangkan pemikiran dan bentuk karya.
Para penulis sastra abad modern (kontemporer), 1900 hingga sekarang, amat boleh jadi terpengaruh oleh para penulis Sastra Realisme—berturut-turut para penulis Sastra Realisme terpengaruh oleh Sastra Romantisisme, Sastra Renaisans dan Pencerahan, Sastra Abad Pertengahan (400-1789), Sastra Lisan Afrika Barat, Sastra Persia dan Arab, Sastra Jepang, Sastra China, Sastra Roma Kuno, Sastra Yunani Kuno, Sastra India, serta Sastra Mesopotamia dan Mesir. Jadi, Sastra Mesopotamia dan Mesir, sebagai sastra dunia paling kuno, mempengaruhi perkembangan sastra setelahnya.
Dewasa ini kita bisa menelisik siapa pengidola atau pengikut William Shakespeare, Chales Dickens, George Orwell, Virginia Wolf, Ernest Hemingway, William Faulkner, Fyodor Dostoevsky, James Joyce, Oscar Wilde, atau JK Rowling. Pasti bisa ditemukan penulis-penulis yang mengaku telah dipengaruhi oleh mereka—entah seberapa pun pengaruhnya.
Lebih lanjut, kita mengenal Budi Darma, sastrawan absurd yang saat ini bukunya People from Bloomington (Orang-Orang Bloomington) menjadi finalis 2023 PEN America Literary Awards kategori PEN Translation Prize. Pernah suatu ketika beliau mengakui bahwa salah satu penulis idolanya adalah William Faulkner, novelis dan cerpenis Amerika yang pernah meraih Nobel Sastra tahun 1949.
Kita juga mengenal Emha Ainun Nadjib, sastrawan dan budayawan yang berkeliling dengan maiyahan-nya ke berbagai daerah di Indonesia, adalah pengagum atau pengidola berat penyair Umbu Landu Paranggi. Bahkan, Sugi Lanus dalam artikelnya “Terpapar Umbu Landu Paranggi” (2 Februari 2021) menempatkan Emha Ainun Nadjib sebagai penyair paling berat terpapar alias mengidolakan Umbu Landu Paranggi.
Saya sendiri mengidolakan Budi Darma, dosen saya yang kemudian partner mengajar sastra—beliau menjadi guru kehidupan saya, dan guru dalam menulis dan bersastra. Saya juga mengidolakan Naguib Mahfouz, pengarang dari Mesir itu. Saya juga mengidolakan Kahlil Gibran dan W.S Rendra dalam menulis puisi, yang dari mereka saya banyak belajar. Dalam menulis esai, saya mengidolakan (dan banyak belajar pada) Mahbub Djunaidi dan Goenawan Mohamad.
Demikianlah, kehadiran figur idola penting bagi penulis, bukan hanya untuk penulis dewasa ini, melainkan juga berlaku bagi para penulis terdahulu. Ada semacam hubungan kontinuitas pengetahuan antar generasi dalam hal proses kreatif. Dengan demikian, perubahan dan perkembangan dalam dunia kreatif menemukan banyak variasinya dari zaman ke zaman.
Pentingnya kehadiran idola bagi penulis bisa mewujud dalam sumber inspirasi dan motivasi dalam berkarya. Figur idola bagi penulis juga seakan hadir mengawal dan mengawasi penulis dalam menghasilkan setiap karyanya. Figur idola juga menyebabkan penulis terdorong semangatnya ketika malas menulis, serta menguatkan penulis untuk berani menghalau aneka gangguan saat menulis.
Lebih mendasar lagi, figur idola penulis tidak hanya mempengaruhi seorang penulis dalam menulis, melainkan juga dalam memandang hidup (worldview) dan bersikap-perilaku sehari-hari. Pertanyaannya, siapakah figur idola Anda dalam dunia menulis? Lalu, berkat keteladanan beliau, bagaimana Anda menjalani proses kreatif Anda selama ini? Jika belum punya, segera temukan segera!*
Gresik, 20 Februari 2023
Terimakasih ilmu paginya, Suhu. Sangat menerangi semangat saya dalam menulis.
Sudah saya temukan . Tapi biarlah menjd rahasia saya aja. Tak sedaap jk tak punya rahasia
Sangat menginspirasi master. Terima kasih ilmunya pagi ini.
Membaca tulisan ini menyadarkan bahwa ada tokoh tokoh panutan dalqm menulis….saya akan segera.mengidentifikasikannya….karena memang belum sempat memastikannya . Walau sebenarnya ada idola itu.
Terimakasih Abah Emcho atas pelajarannya paginyq
Terima kasih Pencerahannya Abah Khoiri idola saya dlm berliterasi tiada henti.
Siapakah figur idola Anda dalam dunia menulis?
Jawaban saya adalah Abah Master Khoiri. Hampir sebagian besar tulisan saya secara penulisan mengikuti pola beliau. Simple dan mudah diikuti alurnya. Bagaimana dengan Anda?
Saya juga mengidolakan bapak Khoiri, maturnuwun ilmunya pak.
Salah satu idola saya dalam menulis salah satunya bapak Moch.Choiri founder RVL.
Selalu menginspirasi.
Terima kasih.
Nampaknya master telah menjadi idola saya…trims
Terima kasih ilmunya pak Emcho.
sama-sama, Bu Sita
Idola penulis saya adalah kakak kelas saya waktu kuliah…bahkan sejak kuliah kami pernah mempunyai ide yg sama dalam menulis, sayangnya saya tak berlanjut…
Saat ini pun saya ingin melanjutkan …
tertatih jalan saya…
Hem…semoga bisa…dan mampu bangkit lagi…seiring menuanya usia…
Semoga impian tercapai, dengan semangat yang kokoh. Aamiin
Santapan berenergi. Trims Pak.
Sami2, semoga sehat selalu
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